Hot Rolling

Hot rolling is the process of plastically deforming billets obtained from continuous casting at high temperatures to achieve desired cross-sections and dimensions. Billets are first heated homogeneously to 1050–1250°C in a walking beam furnace. Homogeneous heating guarantees equal deformation during rolling and uniform grain structure.

Heated billets pass through roughing stands where the cross-sectional area is greatly reduced. Then, final dimensions are gradually achieved in the intermediate mill group and finishing stands. A 15–30% cross-section reduction is applied at each stand pass. Through a total of 18 passes, steel is brought to the desired round, square, hexagonal, or flat form.

After rolling, steel bars are cooled in a controlled manner on the cooling bed. The cooling rate is adjusted according to steel grade — air cooling for normalization effect, or accelerated cooling (QTB — Quenching and Tempering Bar) for higher strength can be applied.

In the final stage, straightening, cold cutting for length, and marking operations are performed. The laser dimension measurement system verifies that each bar is within tolerance limits. Production is carried out according to EN 10060 standard and each batch is delivered with EN 10204 3.1 certificate.